2019年成人學位英語英漢互譯專項復習資料(三)

　　1.As you are students of English.it’s very possible that you’ll be interested in England.That’s where the language was first spoken.But England is often called by other names.This often confuses people and l wonder if you know what these names mean.So，now l would like to tell you about this matter of names.I believe that you have heard people use the names England，Britain or Great Britain.Let’s see what each of these names means.If you look at a map of Europe，you’ll see a group of islands one larger island off the northwest coast，one smaller and many tiny ones.

　　These make up what is called the British Isles.The largest island of the British Isles is Britain.It is also called Great Britain.The smaller island is Ireland.

　　答案：如果你是學英語的學生，你可能會對英國感興趣，因為它是英語的發源地。但是英國通常也被叫成其他的名字，這往往會使人感到迷惑。不知你是否知道這些名字的意思。所以，現在我來告訴你關于這些名字的事情。我相信你聽到過人們使用這樣的名字——英格蘭、不列顛或大不列顛。咱們看看這些名字都是什么意思。如果你看一下歐洲地圖，你就會看到一群島嶼——西北海岸附近的一個大點兒的島嶼，一個小點兒的島嶼和許多微型島嶼。這些島嶼構成了所謂的不列顛群島。其中最大的島是英國不列顛群島，也被稱為大不列顛，較小的島嶼是愛爾蘭。

　　2.In some periods of history，a person who stole salt was thought to have broken the law.Take the eighteenth century for an example，if a person was caught stealing salt，he would be thrown into prison.History also records that only in England about ten thousand people were put into prison during the 18th century for stealing salt! About one hundred and fifty years ago，in the year 1553，if a man took more than his share of salt，he would be thought to have broken the law and would be seriously punished.The offender’s ear was cut off.

　　答案：在歷史上一些時期，偷了鹽的人被認為是犯了法。以十八世紀為例，如果一個人被抓住偷鹽的話，他將會被關進監獄。歷史上還記載，僅在英國，18世紀就大約有一萬人因偷鹽被關進了監獄。大約一百五十年錢，在1553年，如果一個人拿了多于他份額的鹽，他就會被認為是違犯了法律，而且將會受到嚴懲。罪犯的一只耳朵會被割掉。

　　3.The friend.type parents，as the term implies，treat their children as friends. They are generous and wise.Like good friends，they discuss with their children the latest news，share their children’s interests，and listen attentively to their children’s expression of emotion，whether it is anger，fear，joy or sorrow.They have an intimate relationship with their children while adhering to their principled stand.They discuss problems with their children rather than provide ready solutions.They respect their children as their equals.

　　答案：朋友型的父母，顧名思義，對待孩子就像對待朋友一樣。他們大度而又明智。他們像好朋友一樣和自己的孩子討論最近的新聞，分享孩子的樂趣，仔細傾聽孩子表達出的情感--無論是憤怒、恐懼，還是歡樂或悲傷。一方面，他們與孩子親密無間;另一方面，他們又堅持自己的原則立場。他們和孩子一起討論問題，而不是給孩子提供現成的答案。他們尊重孩子，把孩子當作和自己地位平等的人對待。

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